Ttrack #5 on the album World Peace Is None Of Your Business.
by Morrissey, Steven / Manzur, Gustavo Adolfo Jr.
Earth is the loneliest planet of all
Earth is the loneliest planet of all
Day after day you say one day, one day
Day after day you say one day, one day
But you're in the wrong place, and you've got the wrong face
And humans are not really very humane
And earth is the loneliest planet of all
Earth is the loneliest planet of all
Live with a loneliness that no one else knows
Time after time you say next time, next time
Time after time you say next time, next time
But you failed as a woman, and you lose as a man
We do what we can
And earth is the cruelest place you will never understand
But you're in the wrong skin
And the skin that you're in says
Oh, let it begin
And earth is the loneliest planet of all
Earth is the loneliest planet of all
Earth is the loneliest planet of all
Day after day you say one day, one day
Day after day you say one day, one day
But there's always a reason why you're refused
They always blame you, you, you
And there is nothing anyone can do
Published by
Lyrics © Warner/Chappell Music, Inc.
©
July 24, 2014
July 23, 2014
Neal Cassady Drops Dead
MORRISSEY
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s tears shampoo his beard
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s lips tighten and thin
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s hosed down in a barn
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s howl becomes a growl
Everyone has babies
Babies full of rabies
Rabies full of scabies
Scarlet has a fever
Ring’s [?] full of ringworm
Angel of disdain
Poor little fella has got rubella
Liver full of fungus
Junior full of gangrene
Mine is melanoma
Tikes full of gripe.
Whippersnapper’s scurvy
Urchin made of acne
Get that thing away from me
Victim, or life’s adventurer
Which of the two are you?
Victim or life’s adventurer
Which of the two are you?
©
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s tears shampoo his beard
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s lips tighten and thin
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s hosed down in a barn
Neal Cassady drops dead
And Allen Ginsberg’s howl becomes a growl
Everyone has babies
Babies full of rabies
Rabies full of scabies
Scarlet has a fever
Ring’s [?] full of ringworm
Angel of disdain
Poor little fella has got rubella
Liver full of fungus
Junior full of gangrene
Mine is melanoma
Tikes full of gripe.
Whippersnapper’s scurvy
Urchin made of acne
Get that thing away from me
Victim, or life’s adventurer
Which of the two are you?
Victim or life’s adventurer
Which of the two are you?
©
Где брать свободное время?
Бля, мне кажется я уже писал об этом. Времени на самом деле достаточно много, просто большинство людей тормозят и в итоге времени у них нет. И они ноют про это, что вообще тошнотворно. Как достичь того, чтоб оно было? Надо повысить эффективность. Каждый день вы делаете много одинаковых вещей, варите кофе, стираете трусы, ставите посуду в мойку, переодеваетесь, жрете салат, выносите мусор, покупаете продукты. Все это как бы мелочи конечно, но именно они в итоге сжирают ваше время — работа, комьют и сон — они реально не меняются и изменить их толком нельзя, но все остальное очень даже можно поменять. Основное правило — не втыкайте в потолок, те приходите с работы — не хуй блять садится в позе зю с лаптопом и читать про ракету и боенг — НЕ ХУЙ. Совместите это с кофе, которое вы пьете утром. А если с работы пришел — выкинь блять мусор (не хуй раздеваться, если ты уже одет) — а лучше выкинь его утром, когда идешь на работу раз ты туда уже идешь, закинь посуду в мойку, включи мойку и тд. Постоянно надо шото ебашить кратчайшими путями, над которыми надо думать конечно. Не надо быть тормозом. Сколько занимает сварить кофе — 3 минуты после одновременного включения микроволновок и печки — пока оно варится, можно принять душ. Сколько занимает стирка — 1 час 30 минут, во время сушки — можно сходить в магазин, а не тупо втыкать в стену. Когда тупо идешь по комнате, из точки а Компьютер — в точку б. Кухня — подбирайте предметы по пути и кладите их на нужные места — тогда не будет ситуаций куч хлама. Надо купить продуктов — посещайте магазин в 8 вечера — там никого нету, пустые паркинги, не хуй туда ехать в 6 вечера и в выходные конеша. В итоге 24 часа в сутках, 1 час с утра на помывку и чтение про боенг, 2 часа на комьют до офиса, 8 часов в офисе, 6 часов — спать — плюсуем, вычитаем 24-1-2-8-6=7 часов. 7 часов по 60 минут!!!1111 Ну ок час времени на хуету по дому, ну ок 2 часа блеать. Остается 5 часов… Куда вы их деваете нах?
©
©
July 21, 2014
Migrating home directory into its own dedicated partition
Overview
This guide offers detailed instructions for migrating your home directory into its own dedicated partition. Setting up /home on a separate partition is beneficial because your settings, files, and desktop will be maintained if you upgrade, (re)install Ubuntu or another distro. This works because /home has a subdirectory for each user's settings and files which contain all the data & settings of that user. Telling Ubuntu to use an existing home partition can be done by selecting "Manual Partitioning" during the installation of Ubuntu and specifying that you want your home partitions mount point to be /home, ensure you mark your /home partition not be formatted in the process. You should also make sure the usernames you enter for accounts during installation match usernames that existed in a previous installation.
This guide will follow these 6 basic steps:
Setup your new partition
Backup and edit your fstab to mount the new partition as /media/home (just for the time being) and reboot.
Use rsync to migrate all data from /home into /media/home.
Edit fstab again so the new partition mounts as /home instead of /media/home but not reboot just yet.
Move /home to /old_home and reboot
Delete /old_home.
The guide is written in such a way so that at any point in time if there is a system failure, power outage or random restart that it will not have a negative impact on the system and SHOULD safeguard against the possibility of the user accidentally deleting their home directory in the process.
Creating a new partition
Setting up /home on a separate partition is beneficial because your settings, files, and desktop will be maintained if you upgrade, (re)install Ubuntu or another distro. This works because /home has a subdirectory for each user's settings and files which contain all the data & settings of that user. Also, fresh installs for linux typically like to wipe whatever partition they are being installed to so either the data & settings need to be backed-up elsewhere or else avoid the fuss each time by having /home on a different partition.
Setup Partitions
This is beyond the scope of this page. Try here if you need help. Memorize or write down the location of the partition, something like /sda3. When you do create a new partition it is highly suggested that you create an ext3 or ext4 partition to house your new home directory.
Find the uuid of the Partition
The uuid (Universally Unique Identifier) reference for all partitions can be found by opening a command-line to type the following:
sudo blkid
Alternatively, for some older releases of Ubuntu the "blkid" command might not work so this could be used instead
sudo vol_id -u
for example
sudo vol_id -u /dev/sda3
Now you just need to take note (copy&paste into a text-file) the uuid of the partition that you have set-up ready to be the new /home partition.
Setup Fstab
Your fstab is a file used to tell Ubuntu what partitions to mount at boot. The following commands will duplicate your current fstab, append the year-month-day to the end of the file name, compare the two files and open the original for editing.
1. Duplicate your fstab file:
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
2. Compare the two files to confirm the backup matches the original:
cmp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
3. Open the original fstab in a text editor:
gksu gedit /etc/fstab
and add these lines into it
# (identifier) (location, eg sda5) (format, eg ext3 or ext4) (some settings)
UUID=???????? /media/home ext3 defaults 0 2
and replace the "????????" with the UUID number of the intended /home partition.
NOTE: In the above example, the specified partition in the new text is an ext3, but if yours is an ext4 partition, you should change the part above that says "ext3" to say "ext4", in addition to replacing the ???'s with the correct UUID. Also note that if you are using Kubuntu, Xubuntu or Lubuntu you may need to replace "gedit" with "kate", "mousepad" or "leafpad", respectively. They are text editors included with those distributions.
4. Save and Close the fstab file, then type the following command:
sudo mkdir /media/home
This command will create a new directory, later used for temporarily mounting the new partition. At the end of the procedure this directory can be removed.
Now you can restart your machine or instead of rebooting you might prefer to just re-load the updated fstab
sudo mount -a
Either should have mounted the new partition as /media/home. We will edit the fstab again later so this arrangement of the partition is only temporary.
Copy /home to the New Partition
Next we will copy all files, directories and sub-directories from your current /home directory into the new partition:
sudo rsync -aXS --exclude='/*/.gvfs' /home/. /media/home/.
The --exclude='/*/.gvfs' prevents rsync from complaining about not being able to copy .gvfs, but I believe it is optional. Even if rsync complains, it will copy everything else anyway. (See here for discussion on this)
Check Copying Worked
You should now have two duplicate copies of all the data within your home directory; the original being located in /home and the new duplicate located in /media/home. You should confirm all files and directories copied over successfully. One way to do this is by using the diff command:
sudo diff -r /home /media/home
The only difference that should exist is the excluded /.gvfs directory mentioned above. If you are doing this from a LiveCd or to an exisitng partition that already has stuff on it then you may find other differences but hopefully it should be obvious which diffs you can ignore.
Preparing fstab for the switch
We now need to modify the fstab again to point to the new partition and mount it as /home. So again on a command-line
gksu gedit /etc/fstab
and now edit the lines you added earlier, changing the "/media/home" part to simply say "/home" so that it looks like this:
# (identifier) (location, eg sda5) (format, eg ext3 or ext4) (some settings)
UUID=???????? /home ext3 defaults 0 2
Then, press Save, close the file but don't reboot just yet.
Moving /home into /old_home
Backing up your old home, just in case things have not gone completely smoothly, is best done right now. Here is how:
As long as you have not rebooted yet, you will still see 2 copies of your /home directory; the new one on the new partition (currently mounted as /media/home) and the old one still in the same partition it was always in (currently mounted as /home). We need to move the contents of the old home directory out of the way and create an empty "placeholder" directory to act as a mount point for our new partition.
Type the following string of commands in to do all this at once:
cd / && sudo mv /home /old_home && sudo mkdir /home
By default, when you open a terminal window it places you within your home directory. Typing cd / takes us to the root directory and out of home so we can then use the sudo mv command to essentially rename /home into /old_home, and finally create a new, empty /home placeholder.
With your fstab now edited to mount your new partition to our /home placeholder and the original /home now called /old_home, reboot your computer. Your new partition will mount as /home and everything should look exactly the same as it did before you started.
Instead of rebooting you might prefer to just re-load the updated fstab
sudo mount -a
There is no real need to reboot at all!
Deleting the old Home
You can delete your old home directory with:
cd /
sudo rm -r /old_home
Be careful with the above command as mistyping it could result in the deletion of other files and directories.
Technical Notes and Resources
Rsync was chosen over cp and find|cpio because it seemed to maintain permissions.
http://ubuntu.wordpress.com/2006/01/29/move-home-to-its-own-partition/
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=46866
Different filesystems on the same disk
If you're moving from Windows and your new home partition is going to be an old ntfs partition (the D: disk) while you convert the C: disk to a journaling partition where you install Linux, this won't work, there will be a huge load on the processor. You should convert the two partitions to ext3 or ext4 or keep both partitions as ntfs (I haven't checked this last option). But working with two different filesystems on the same drive simultaneously doesn't seem to be a good option.
©
This guide offers detailed instructions for migrating your home directory into its own dedicated partition. Setting up /home on a separate partition is beneficial because your settings, files, and desktop will be maintained if you upgrade, (re)install Ubuntu or another distro. This works because /home has a subdirectory for each user's settings and files which contain all the data & settings of that user. Telling Ubuntu to use an existing home partition can be done by selecting "Manual Partitioning" during the installation of Ubuntu and specifying that you want your home partitions mount point to be /home, ensure you mark your /home partition not be formatted in the process. You should also make sure the usernames you enter for accounts during installation match usernames that existed in a previous installation.
This guide will follow these 6 basic steps:
Setup your new partition
Backup and edit your fstab to mount the new partition as /media/home (just for the time being) and reboot.
Use rsync to migrate all data from /home into /media/home.
Edit fstab again so the new partition mounts as /home instead of /media/home but not reboot just yet.
Move /home to /old_home and reboot
Delete /old_home.
The guide is written in such a way so that at any point in time if there is a system failure, power outage or random restart that it will not have a negative impact on the system and SHOULD safeguard against the possibility of the user accidentally deleting their home directory in the process.
Creating a new partition
Setting up /home on a separate partition is beneficial because your settings, files, and desktop will be maintained if you upgrade, (re)install Ubuntu or another distro. This works because /home has a subdirectory for each user's settings and files which contain all the data & settings of that user. Also, fresh installs for linux typically like to wipe whatever partition they are being installed to so either the data & settings need to be backed-up elsewhere or else avoid the fuss each time by having /home on a different partition.
Setup Partitions
This is beyond the scope of this page. Try here if you need help. Memorize or write down the location of the partition, something like /sda3. When you do create a new partition it is highly suggested that you create an ext3 or ext4 partition to house your new home directory.
Find the uuid of the Partition
The uuid (Universally Unique Identifier) reference for all partitions can be found by opening a command-line to type the following:
sudo blkid
Alternatively, for some older releases of Ubuntu the "blkid" command might not work so this could be used instead
sudo vol_id -u
for example
sudo vol_id -u /dev/sda3
Now you just need to take note (copy&paste into a text-file) the uuid of the partition that you have set-up ready to be the new /home partition.
Setup Fstab
Your fstab is a file used to tell Ubuntu what partitions to mount at boot. The following commands will duplicate your current fstab, append the year-month-day to the end of the file name, compare the two files and open the original for editing.
1. Duplicate your fstab file:
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
2. Compare the two files to confirm the backup matches the original:
cmp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.$(date +%Y-%m-%d)
3. Open the original fstab in a text editor:
gksu gedit /etc/fstab
and add these lines into it
# (identifier) (location, eg sda5) (format, eg ext3 or ext4) (some settings)
UUID=???????? /media/home ext3 defaults 0 2
and replace the "????????" with the UUID number of the intended /home partition.
NOTE: In the above example, the specified partition in the new text is an ext3, but if yours is an ext4 partition, you should change the part above that says "ext3" to say "ext4", in addition to replacing the ???'s with the correct UUID. Also note that if you are using Kubuntu, Xubuntu or Lubuntu you may need to replace "gedit" with "kate", "mousepad" or "leafpad", respectively. They are text editors included with those distributions.
4. Save and Close the fstab file, then type the following command:
sudo mkdir /media/home
This command will create a new directory, later used for temporarily mounting the new partition. At the end of the procedure this directory can be removed.
Now you can restart your machine or instead of rebooting you might prefer to just re-load the updated fstab
sudo mount -a
Either should have mounted the new partition as /media/home. We will edit the fstab again later so this arrangement of the partition is only temporary.
Copy /home to the New Partition
Next we will copy all files, directories and sub-directories from your current /home directory into the new partition:
sudo rsync -aXS --exclude='/*/.gvfs' /home/. /media/home/.
The --exclude='/*/.gvfs' prevents rsync from complaining about not being able to copy .gvfs, but I believe it is optional. Even if rsync complains, it will copy everything else anyway. (See here for discussion on this)
Check Copying Worked
You should now have two duplicate copies of all the data within your home directory; the original being located in /home and the new duplicate located in /media/home. You should confirm all files and directories copied over successfully. One way to do this is by using the diff command:
sudo diff -r /home /media/home
The only difference that should exist is the excluded /.gvfs directory mentioned above. If you are doing this from a LiveCd or to an exisitng partition that already has stuff on it then you may find other differences but hopefully it should be obvious which diffs you can ignore.
Preparing fstab for the switch
We now need to modify the fstab again to point to the new partition and mount it as /home. So again on a command-line
gksu gedit /etc/fstab
and now edit the lines you added earlier, changing the "/media/home" part to simply say "/home" so that it looks like this:
# (identifier) (location, eg sda5) (format, eg ext3 or ext4) (some settings)
UUID=???????? /home ext3 defaults 0 2
Then, press Save, close the file but don't reboot just yet.
Moving /home into /old_home
Backing up your old home, just in case things have not gone completely smoothly, is best done right now. Here is how:
As long as you have not rebooted yet, you will still see 2 copies of your /home directory; the new one on the new partition (currently mounted as /media/home) and the old one still in the same partition it was always in (currently mounted as /home). We need to move the contents of the old home directory out of the way and create an empty "placeholder" directory to act as a mount point for our new partition.
Type the following string of commands in to do all this at once:
cd / && sudo mv /home /old_home && sudo mkdir /home
By default, when you open a terminal window it places you within your home directory. Typing cd / takes us to the root directory and out of home so we can then use the sudo mv command to essentially rename /home into /old_home, and finally create a new, empty /home placeholder.
With your fstab now edited to mount your new partition to our /home placeholder and the original /home now called /old_home, reboot your computer. Your new partition will mount as /home and everything should look exactly the same as it did before you started.
Instead of rebooting you might prefer to just re-load the updated fstab
sudo mount -a
There is no real need to reboot at all!
Deleting the old Home
You can delete your old home directory with:
cd /
sudo rm -r /old_home
Be careful with the above command as mistyping it could result in the deletion of other files and directories.
Technical Notes and Resources
Rsync was chosen over cp and find|cpio because it seemed to maintain permissions.
http://ubuntu.wordpress.com/2006/01/29/move-home-to-its-own-partition/
http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=46866
Different filesystems on the same disk
If you're moving from Windows and your new home partition is going to be an old ntfs partition (the D: disk) while you convert the C: disk to a journaling partition where you install Linux, this won't work, there will be a huge load on the processor. You should convert the two partitions to ext3 or ext4 or keep both partitions as ntfs (I haven't checked this last option). But working with two different filesystems on the same drive simultaneously doesn't seem to be a good option.
©
X11 Connection Rejected Because of Wrong Authentication
by Nix Craft on September 17, 2008 · 34 comments· LAST UPDATED September 17, 2008
in BASH Shell, Debian / Ubuntu, Linux
Q. I'm trying to login to my remote Ubuntu Linux server from Mac OS X desktop using following command:
ssh -X user@vpn.officeserver.example.com xeyes
But I'm getting an error that read as follows:
X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication.
How do I fix this error?
A. This error can be caused by various factors. Try following solutions:
Make sure you are not running out of disk space
Run df and make sure you have sufficient disk space:
$ df -H
If you are low on disk space remove unnecessary files from your system.
Make sure ~/.Xauthority owned by you
Run following command to find ownweship:
$ ls -l ~/.Xauthority
Run chown and chmod to fix permission problems
$ chown user:group ~/.Xauthority
$ chmod 0600 ~/.Xauthority
Replace user:group with your actual username and groupname.
Make sure X11 SSHD Forwarding Enabled
Make sure following line exists in sshd_config file:
$ grep X11Forwarding /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Sample output:
X11Forwarding yes
If X11 disabled add following line to sshd_cofing and restart ssh server:
X11Forwarding yes
Make sure X11 client forwarding enabled
Make sure your local ssh_config has following lines:
Host *
ForwardX11 yes
Finally, login to remote server and run X11 as follows from your Mac OS X or Linux desktop system:
ssh -X user@remote.box.example.com xeyes
©
in BASH Shell, Debian / Ubuntu, Linux
Q. I'm trying to login to my remote Ubuntu Linux server from Mac OS X desktop using following command:
ssh -X user@vpn.officeserver.example.com xeyes
But I'm getting an error that read as follows:
X11 connection rejected because of wrong authentication.
How do I fix this error?
A. This error can be caused by various factors. Try following solutions:
Make sure you are not running out of disk space
Run df and make sure you have sufficient disk space:
$ df -H
If you are low on disk space remove unnecessary files from your system.
Make sure ~/.Xauthority owned by you
Run following command to find ownweship:
$ ls -l ~/.Xauthority
Run chown and chmod to fix permission problems
$ chown user:group ~/.Xauthority
$ chmod 0600 ~/.Xauthority
Replace user:group with your actual username and groupname.
Make sure X11 SSHD Forwarding Enabled
Make sure following line exists in sshd_config file:
$ grep X11Forwarding /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Sample output:
X11Forwarding yes
If X11 disabled add following line to sshd_cofing and restart ssh server:
X11Forwarding yes
Make sure X11 client forwarding enabled
Make sure your local ssh_config has following lines:
Host *
ForwardX11 yes
Finally, login to remote server and run X11 as follows from your Mac OS X or Linux desktop system:
ssh -X user@remote.box.example.com xeyes
©
July 11, 2014
Standard address abbreviations
| ALY | ALLEY |
| ANX | ANNEX |
| APT | APARTMENT |
| ARC | ARCADE |
| AVE | AVENUE |
| BSMT | BASEMENT |
| BYU | BAYOU |
| BCH | BEACH |
| BND | BEND |
| BLF | BLUFF |
| BTM | BOTTOM |
| BLVD | BOULEVARD |
| BR | BRANCH |
| BRG | BRIDGE |
| BRK | BROOK |
| BLDG | BUILDING |
| BG | BURG |
| BYP | BYPASS |
| CP | CAMP |
| CYN | CANYON |
| CPE | CAPE |
| CSWY | CAUSEWAY |
| CTR | CENTER |
| CIR | CIRCLE |
| CLFS | CLIFF |
| CLFS | CLIFFS |
| CLB | CLUB |
| COR | CORNER |
| CORS | CORNERS |
| CRSE | COURSE |
| CT | COURT |
| CTS | COURTS |
| CV | COVE |
| CRK | CREEK |
| CRES | CRESCENT |
| CROSSING | |
| DL | DALE |
| DM | DAM |
| DEPT | DEPARTMENT |
| DV | DIVIDE |
| DR | DRIVE |
| EST | ESTATE |
| EXPY | EXPRESSWAY |
| EXT | EXTENSION |
| FLS | FALLS |
| FRY | FERRY |
| FLD | FIELD |
| FLDS | FIELDS |
| FLT | FLAT |
| FL | FLOOR |
| FRD | FORD |
| FRST | FOREST |
| FRG | FORGE |
| FRK | FORK |
| FRKS | FORKS |
| FT | FORT |
| FWY | FREEWAY |
| FRNT | FRONT |
| GDNS | GARDEN |
| GDNS | GARDENS |
| GTWY | GATEWAY |
| GLN | GLEN |
| GRN | GREEN |
| GRV | GROVE |
| HNGR | HANGER |
| HBR | HARBOR |
| HVN | HAVEN |
| HTS | HEIGHTS |
| HWY | HIGHWAY |
| HL | HILL |
| HLS | HILLS |
| HOLW | HOLLOW |
| INLT | INLET |
| IS | ISLAND |
| ISS | ISLANDS |
| JCT | JUNCTION |
| KY | KEY |
| KNLS | KNOLL |
| KNLS | KNOLLS |
| LK | LAKE |
| LKS | LAKES |
| LNDG | LANDING |
| LN | LANE |
| LGT | LIGHT |
| LF | LOAF |
| LBBY | LOBBY |
| LCKS | LOCK |
| LCKS | LOCKS |
| LDG | LODGE |
| LOWR | LOWER |
| MNR | MANOR |
| MDWS | MEADOW |
| MDWS | MEADOWS |
| ML | MILL |
| MLS | MILLS |
| MSN | MISSION |
| MT | MOUNT |
| MTN | MOUNTAIN |
| NCK | NECK |
| OFC | OFFICE |
| ORCH | ORCHARD |
| PKWY | PARKWAY |
| PH | PENTHOUSE |
| PNES | PINE |
| PNES | PINES |
| PL | PLACE |
| PLN | PLAIN |
| PLNS | PLAINS |
| PLZ | PLAZA |
| PT | POINT |
| PRT | PORT |
| PR | PRAIRIE |
| RADL | RADIAL |
| RNCH | RANCH |
| RPDS | RAPID |
| RPDS | RAPIDS |
| RST | REST |
| RDG | RIDGE |
| RIV | RIVER |
| RD | ROAD |
| RM | ROOM |
| SHL | SHOAL |
| SHLS | SHOALS |
| SHR | SHORE |
| SHRS | SHORES |
| SPC | SPACE |
| SPG | SPRING |
| SPGS | SPRINGS |
| SQ | SQUARE |
| STA | STATION |
| STRA | STRAVENUE |
| STRM | STREAM |
| ST | STREET |
| STE | SUITE |
| SMT | SUMMIT |
| TER | TERRACE |
| TRCE | TRACE |
| TRAK | TRACK |
| TRFY | TRAFFICWAY |
| TRL | TRAIL |
| TRLR | TRAILER |
| TUNL | TUNNEL |
| TPKE | TURNPIKE |
| UN | UNION |
| UPPR | UPPER |
| VLY | VALLEY |
| VIA | VIADUCT |
| VW | VIEW |
| VLG | VILLAGE |
| VL | VILLE |
| VIS | VISTA |
| WAY | WAY |
| WLS | WELL |
| WLS | WELLS |
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Australia Post address standard
To increase our compliance with the Australia Post address standard the following standards are applied to the capture of Australian Addresses.
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Punctuation
Unless specifically part of address details (a hyphen in a range of numbers ie 17-18) punctuation is not captured in address information. In particular commas used to denote the start of a new line are not captured as part of the address.Post Office Box
- Post Office Box information is captured in the abbreviated form in uppercase. For example Private Mail Bag Service is captured as PRIVATE BAG or General Post Office Box as GPO BOX.
| Code | Description |
|---|---|
| CARE PO | Care Of Post Office |
| CMA | Community Mail Agent |
| CMB | Community Mail Bag |
| CPA | Community Postal Agent |
| GPO BOX | General Post Office Box |
| LOCKED BAG | Locked Mail Bag Service |
| MS | Mail Service |
| PO BOX | Post Office Box |
| CARE PO | Poste Restante |
| PRIVATE BAG | Private Mail Bag Service |
| RSD | Roadside Delivery |
| RMB | Roadside Mail Bag |
| RMB | Roadside Mail Box |
| RMS | Roadside Mail Service |
Room Information
- An AddressRoom prefix is not mandatory, if supplied it will be captured in the abbreviated form
- If only the identifier is supplied then it is placed immediately before the street number, with a forward slash (/) separating the AddressRoom from the street number
- The room prefix will be captured in the abbreviated form
- If the word Number is used in the room name it will be shortened to No
| Sub Unit Type | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Apartment | Apt |
| Cottage | Ctge |
| Duplex | Dup |
| Factory | Fy |
| Flat | F |
| House | Hse |
| Kiosk | Ksk |
| Maisonette | Msnt |
| Marine Berth | Mb |
| Office | Off |
| Penthouse | Pths |
| Room | Rm |
| Stall | Sl |
| Studio | Stu |
| Suite | Se |
| Townhouse | Tnhs |
| Unit | U |
| Villa | Vlla |
| Warehouse | We |
Floor Information
- Floor information will be abbreviated in accordance with the table below
| Level Type | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Basement | B |
| Floor | Fl |
| Ground Floor | G |
| Level | L |
| Lower Ground Floor | Lg |
| Mezzanine | M |
| Upper Ground Floor | Ug |
- Ranged level numbers are not to be used. Either the correct applicable floor should be used or, if unknown, the first number in the range
- If the word Number is used in the room name it will be shortened to No
Building Complex Information
- The Building Complex is the name used to identify the physical building or property. It is not abbreviated, and may include reference to a wing or other components of a building complex
- The Address Building is captured in title case
Street Number
- The Address Street Number is positioned immediately before the Address Street Name
- If the Address Street Number number includes a number range, the range should be separated by a hyphen (-), with no spaces. For example:
17-19 Pitt St - The Address Street Number may contain alpha characters. These are captured in upper case, with no spaces between alpha and numeric characters. For example:
11A Dorset Rd - If the word Number is used in the room name it will be shortened to No
- The Address Street Number may contain a Lot or Section number. These are commonly used while land is in the process of being subdivided, prior to formal allocation of street numbers. The Lot or Section number is positioned immediately before the Address Street Name, and prefixed by the word 'Lot' or 'Section'. For Example:
Lot 17 Jones St
Section 36 Godfrey Ave
Street Name
- Address Street Name contains the following elements:
- street name
- street suffix
- street type
- The street name should be in title case
- The street name should be spelled out in full, with the exception of some prefixes which are usually based on common acceptance, for example:
St Kilda Rd - Street suffix is abbreviated as per below
| Street Suffix | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| Central | CN |
| East | E |
| Extension | EX |
| Lower | LR |
| North | N |
| North East | NE |
| North West | NW |
| South | S |
| South East | SE |
| South West | SW |
| Upper | UP |
| West | W |
- Street Type is abbreviated as per the below table
| Street Type | Abbreviation |
|---|---|
| ACCESS | Accs |
| ALLEY | Ally |
| ALLEYWAY | Alwy |
| AMBLE | Ambl |
| ANCHORAGE | Ancg |
| APPROACH | App |
| ARCADE | Arc |
| ARTERY | Art |
| AVENUE | Ave |
| BASIN | Basn |
| BEACH | Bch |
| BEND | Bend |
| BLOCK | Blk |
| BOULEVARD | Bvd |
| BRACE | Brce |
| BRAE | Brae |
| BREAK | Brk |
| BRIDGE | Bdge |
| BROADWAY | Bdwy |
| BROW | Brow |
| BYPASS | Bypa |
| BYWAY | Bywy |
| CAUSEWAY | Caus |
| CENTRE | Ctr |
| CENTREWAY | Cnwy |
| CHASE | Ch |
| CIRCLE | Cir |
| CIRCLET | Clt |
| CIRCUIT | Cct |
| CIRCUS | Crcs |
| CLOSE | Cl |
| COLONNADE | Clde |
| COMMON | Cmmn |
| CONCOURSE | Con |
| COPSE | Cps |
| CORNER | Cnr |
| CORSO | Cso |
| COURT | Ct |
| COURTYARD | Ctyd |
| COVE | Cove |
| CRESCENT | Cres |
| CREST | Crst |
| CROSS | Crss |
| CROSSING | Crsg |
| CROSSROAD | Crd |
| CROSSWAY | Cowy |
| CRUISEWAY | Cuwy |
| CUL-DE-SAC | Cds |
| CUTTING | Cttg |
| DALE | Dale |
| DELL | Dell |
| DEVIATION | Devn |
| DIP | Dip |
| DISTRIBUTOR | Dstr |
| DRIVE | Dr |
| DRIVEWAY | Drwy |
| EDGE | Edge |
| ELBOW | Elb |
| END | End |
| ENTRANCE | Ent |
| ESPLANADE | Esp |
| ESTATE | Est |
| EXPRESSWAY | Exp |
| EXTENSION | Extn |
| FAIRWAY | Fawy |
| FIRE TRACK | Ftrk |
| FIRETRAIL | Fitr |
| FLAT | Flat |
| FOLLOW | Folw |
| FOOTWAY | Ftwy |
| FORESHORE | Fshr |
| FORMATION | Form |
| FREEWAY | Fwy |
| FRONT | Frnt |
| FRONTAGE | Frtg |
| GAP | Gap |
| GARDEN | Gdn |
| GARDENS | Gdns |
| GATE | Gte |
| GATES | Gtes |
| GLADE | Gld |
| GLEN | Glen |
| GRANGE | Gra |
| GREEN | Grn |
| GROUND | Grnd |
| GROVE | Gr |
| GULLY | Gly |
| HEIGHTS | Hts |
| HIGHROAD | Hrd |
| HIGHWAY | Hwy |
| HILL | Hill |
| INTERCHANGE | Intg |
| INTERSECTION | Intn |
| JUNCTION | Jnc |
| KEY | Key |
| LANDING | Ldg |
| LANE | Lane |
| LANEWAY | Lnwy |
| LEES | Lees |
| LINE | Line |
| LINK | Link |
| LITTLE | Lt |
| LOOKOUT | Lkt |
| LOOP | Loop |
| LOWER | Lwr |
| MALL | Mall |
| MEANDER | Mndr |
| MEW | Mew |
| MEWS | Mews |
| MOTORWAY | Mwy |
| MOUNT | Mt |
| NOOK | Nook |
| OUTLOOK | Otlk |
| PARADE | Pde |
| PARK | Park |
| PARKLANDS | Pkld |
| PARKWAY | Pkwy |
| PART | Part |
| PASS | Pass |
| PATH | Path |
| PATHWAY | Phwy |
| PIAZZA | Piaz |
| PLACE | Pl |
| PLATEAU | Plat |
| PLAZA | Plza |
| Pkt | |
| POINT | Pnt |
| PORT | Port |
| PROMENADE | Prom |
| QUAD | Quad |
| QUADRANGLE | Qdgl |
| QUADRANT | Qdrt |
| QUAY | Qy |
| QUAYS | Qys |
| RAMBLE | Rmbl |
| RAMP | Ramp |
| RANGE | Rnge |
| REACH | Rch |
| RESERVE | Res |
| REST | Rest |
| RETREAT | Rtt |
| RIDE | Ride |
| RIDGE | Rdge |
| RIDGEWAY | Rgwy |
| RIGHT OF WAY | Rowy |
| RING | Ring |
| RISE | Rise |
| RIVER | Rvr |
| RIVERWAY | Rvwy |
| RIVIERA | Rvra |
| ROAD | Rd |
| ROADS | Rds |
| ROADSIDE | Rdsd |
| ROADWAY | Rdwy |
| RONDE | Rnde |
| ROSEBOWL | Rsbl |
| ROTARY | Rty |
| ROUND | Rnd |
| ROUTE | Rte |
| ROW | Row |
| RUE | Rue |
| RUN | Run |
| SERVICE WAY | Swy |
| SIDING | Sdng |
| SLOPE | Slpe |
| SOUND | Snd |
| SPUR | Spur |
| SQUARE | Sq |
| STAIRS | Strs |
| STATE HIGHWAY | Shwy |
| STEPS | Stps |
| STRAND | Stra |
| STREET | St |
| STRIP | Strp |
| SUBWAY | Sbwy |
| TARN | Tarn |
| TERRACE | Tce |
| THOROUGHFARE | Thor |
| TOLLWAY | Tlwy |
| TOP | Top |
| TOR | Tor |
| TOWERS | Twrs |
| TRACK | Trk |
| TRAIL | Trl |
| TRAILER | Trlr |
| TRIANGLE | Tri |
| TRUNKWAY | Tkwy |
| TURN | Turn |
| UNDERPASS | Upas |
| UPPER | Upr |
| VALE | Vale |
| VIADUCT | Vdct |
| VIEW | View |
| VILLAS | Vlls |
| VISTA | Vsta |
| WADE | Wade |
| WALK | Walk |
| WALKWAY | Wkwy |
| WAY | Way |
| WHARF | Whrf |
| WYND | Wynd |
| YARD | Yard |
Suburb/Localities/City/County
- Generally suburbs/localities are fully spelled out, but commonly accepted abbreviations such as St Kilda are presented in the abbreviated form, without full stops. Note that where Australian suburbs/localities contain 'Mount', the word Mount is always fully spelled out, however the treatment of 'Saint' varies from locality to locality. Words such as Heights, Creek, North or Island that form part of a suburb/locality name are NOT abbreviated.
- Australian place names involving possessives are written without apostrophes. For example:
Kings Cross Dianas Basin Queens Park - Suburbs/Localities are captured in title case .
State Information
- For Australia when used in an address block on a piece of mail, the Address State Name must:
- appear in its abbreviated form (see domain values)
- be located in the last line of the address, after the suburb/locality
- be printed in upper case, with no punctuation
Post Code
- Australia: the postcode:
- is located in the last line of the address, two spaces after the state or territory abbreviation
- not punctuated
- must be the last item in an Australian address
- Australia: Postcodes may begin with zero (0). The leading zero must not be suppressed. For example: the postcode for Darwin is 0800.
- Postcodes have been allocated to each Australian state and territory as follows:
| State/Territory | State Code | Post Code Ranges |
|---|---|---|
| Australian Capital Territory | ACT | 0200-0299, 2600-2620, 2900-2921 |
| New South Wales | NSW | 1000-2599, 2620-2899,2921-2999 |
| Northern Territory | NT | 0800-0899 |
| Queensland | QLD | 4000-4999, 9000-9799 |
| South Australia | SA | 5000-5999 |
| Tasmania | TAS | 7000-7999 |
| Victoria | VIC | 3000-3999, 8000-8999 |
| Western Australia | WA | 6000-6999 |
Last Updated: 30/8/2013
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